Mount Sinabung in Indonesia's North Sumatra province erupted on Monday, sending a column of dark ash about 3,500 metres above the volcano's summit, the country's volcanology agency said.
The eruption lasted for at least one hour, according to the Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG).
There were no reports of casualties.
Sinabung, one of Indonesia's most active volcanoes, remains at Level II on Indonesia's four-tier volcanic warning system.
Authorities have advised residents, visitors and tourists to stay away from villages that have been relocated because of volcanic activity, as well as areas within 3 kilometres of the summit and within 4.5 kilometres of the volcano's south-eastern sector.
Indonesia, an archipelago of more than 17,000 islands, lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone of intense seismic and volcanic activity. It is home to around 120 active volcanoes, more than any other country.
Sinabung, which rises to 2,460 metres above sea level, was largely dormant for centuries before becoming active again in 2010. A major eruption in 2014 killed at least 16 people, while subsequent eruptions and ash emissions have repeatedly forced residents to evacuate.